ISYS100SPECIALFX- Zombie makeup tutorial

Jurassic Park (1993)

Okay so way back in the ancient times, that is exactly 20 years ago in 1993, the world witnessed for the first time a film that made us forget we were even watching one!

 

ROAR!

Jurassic Park

This sci-fi adventure film directed by one of the most iconic directors, Steven Spielberg, earned as of this May 2013, $400 MILLION in North America alone as well as worldwide total of $967 MILLION.

So in honour of the film's 20th Anniversary, we can go back and look at how this classic film became extremely successful.

The technology used in the 90s is much different then what it is today. Therefore the methods used to make this film were much more complex. If film directors TODAY wanted to create a dinosaur for a particular scene they could simply use computer-generated images and achieve a high-quality scene. However, back in the 90s, it was much more difficult to create a realistic-looking animated figures. 

Spielberg and his hard-working team had actually chose to create a FULL-SIZE T-Rex completely and exclusively for the film. The dinosaur you see above was actually sculpted in real life, a 9 000 pound (so about 4 082 kg) robotic machine.

MUST WATCH (only a minute!)

Cool right?

The film did have certain limitations. This horrific robotic creature was designed with numerous cable cords, wires etc that it actually limited the movement of the model. Therefore, on top of this full-size T-Rex, CG images that were utilised in the 90s still had to be used the create the full effect. 

 

We can clearly see the difference between today's technology and 90s. But Spielberg created quite an impressive despite the circumstances!

Denis Muren, who took part in the Visual Effects team, said

 "It takes years to learn this, just to learn the computer part of it."

“This is not science fiction; it’s science eventuality.” 

– Steven Spielberg

The Walking Dead (2010) (TV series)

The Walking Dead is a television series by AMC that aired on Halloween in 2010. Since it's inception, the series has been received by critics with tumultuous applause for it's special effects and make up artistry. The lead make up artist is Gregory Nicotero, who is also the co-executive producer and director on The Walking Dead. He has won a whole bunch of awards for his work on The Walking Dead alone, and co-wrote and directed the web series Torn Apart based on The Walking Dead franchise, which he also won awards for. What have you done?

Based on the comics of the same name, The Walking Dead revolves around Rick Grimes, a man who wakes up from a coma to discover that civilisation has fallen and that a plague of sorts has caused most of the world to turn into zombies. Neat. As Rick travels through cities looking for his family and trying to survive, he, alongside others he meets, has some close encounters with the undead and goes on to bash their brains out with whatever weapon he has at his disposal. 

To create realistic zombies, the creators brought on Gregory to do the make up. Here are some photos' of his work:

Jaw dropping stuff

Before and after of the zombie girl from the pilot episode (fun fact: they call the first episode a pilot because that will determine whether the show 'takes off')

Gregory commanding his army of zombies, as you do.

A current picture of my ex-girlfriend.

In an interview with Gregory Nicotero, he answered some questions regarding some of the details with the zombie make up. The process of 'zombifying' a person usually takes about an hour and requires gallons of fake blood, contact lenses, fake leathery skin and much to my surprise, VO5 conditioner.

But the makeup is only one half of The Walking Dead experience. Seeing these zombies is one thing, but killing them is another. While I'm sure they had a lot of extras dying to be on the show (hehe), it's still apparently considered 'not cool' to kill people on set, zombie or otherwise. This is where Stargate Studios was hired and they took care of all the special effects for the show (there's a lot of them).

From this

To this. Nice.

By combining the masterful work of Gregory Nicotero and the equally crafty computer generated special effects from Stargate Studios, The Walking Dead was brought brilliantly to the small screen and continues to immerse viewers through not only its visuals but its great storyline too (they're not paying me I swear).

 - Tony (ranga) Stark

Prometheus (2012)

Last year a film was released by Ridley Scott, he's probably one of the most famous film makers of all time, and is almost definitely loathed by many hsc students due to his other famous film, Blade Runner, I know I did. But last year, he released a film called Prometheus.

mmmm giant easter island head.

The film basically relates to the Alien series and has a plot which is set in the late 21st century and revolves around the crew of a spaceship Prometheus, as they follow a star map they found in old caves in Iceland or something. At which point they decide to search for the origin of humanity and end up on a planet with Aliens and stuff (who don't like the humans).

Another thing I should probably mention about this film is that it's cast is outrageously well known, and equally attractive. I love watching Charlize Theron doing anything. Even being a serial killer.

I just can't get over how different  they look!

Maybe I should have done a blog on the makeup in Monster.. an idea for next time. 

soooo prreeeetttyyyyy

Ridley Scott's films are very well known for their innovative nature such as the neo noir thing that everyone talked about in Blade Runner, and the really crisp cinematography in his 2010 film Robin Hood. And yes, I am aware that the protagonist of that film is Russel Crowe and yes I know that everyone hates him.. Which I still don't understand because he is a  really great actor !!!

Now in the film prometheus there are two areas of effects that are worth looking at;

1. The effects used on the creature, alien or whatever you'd like to call it

2. the visual effects used on the film in it's entirety

I guess the creature would have it's own category because it looks SO REAL!

Anyway here we go

Creature Effects. 

The Hammerpede

The films designers and visual architects strove to create a create that was biologically plausible.. Meaning that everything had to be somewhat realistic looking. They drew most of their inspiration from real life aquatic creatures. The snake like alien dubbed the "Hammerpede" was brought to life through a mixture of computer generation (CGI) and some practical effects. In the final edit the wires and controls used on the practical model of the hammerpede were digitally removed.

ew

(spoiler alert!!!!)

In the scene where the Hammerpede is decapitated, a model head was used as a replacement, and the spontaneous regeneration of the head was done through computer generation. The practical model of this was a remotely operated animatronic creation which was encased in a silicon skin.  The mutated Fifield effects were acheived mainly through the use of make up and prosthetics. Due to concerns that the practical effects would be unsatisfactory , the filmmakers completed an alternative version of the sequence in which Fifield was rendered as a digital character with elongated limbs and an engorged transluscent head, incorporating a semblance of Harris's face, other models were made but they were all deemed as too "inhuman" 

This was the alternate version, I'm glad they went with the original.

ew

Visual effects:

This film approximately contains 1300 digital effect shots. The creation of life from the disintegration of an engineer was created by WETA digtal. This scene was particularly difficult to produce because it had to convey the story of the engineers DNA breaking apart. The team focussed on making the DNA stages distinct to convey it's changing nature. Scott requested the audio to focus on the destruction occuring within the engineer. A light colour scheme was used for the Engineers DNA and decayed fish spines were used as an image reference for this. In order to depict the DNA destruction, the team carved vein like structures from silicon and pumped black ink and oils into them while filming the changes over an extended period of time.

:(

SO all in all the film prometheus contains highly sophisticated and laborious visual techniques which were up t standard with Ridley Scotts prior films.

Also

huehuehue

2012

2012 (Film)

2012 is a 2009 American science fiction disaster film directed and co-written by Roland Emmerich. It stars John Cusack, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Amanda Peet, Oliver Platt, Thandie Newton, Danny Glover, and Woody Harrelson, among others. The special effects are so real that one will not even notice the two hour forty minute period that they have spend watching the movie.

Every sequence in the movie begins as a storyboard, or a rough, comic book-like version of the film's action. This particular sequence, which depicts Curtis Jackson (John Cusack) rescuing his family and driving them to the Santa Monica airport.

After the storyboards are done, the artists move to a stage called the pre-visualization. "I describe it as an early form of a CG version of a sequence, with video-game quality [visuals]. A crude version of the action, pre-visualization includes every part of the scene, up to camera angles and early sound effects

Director Roland Emmerich shoots the limo against a massive blue screen in Vancouver, Canada. The shot, called a live action plate, looks like this before any virtual elements are added.

Coming To America (1988)

James Earl Jones. The loins tremble just speaking the name. If Arnold Schwarzeneggers muscles could talk, they would sound like James Earl Jones' voice. To anyone unfamiliar with Mr. Earl Jones' work (because they've been in a coma and woke up to find the world had changed -hint: next blog post possibly?), perhaps an example or two will tickle your pickle. Mr. Earl Jones was the voice of Darth Vader in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (aka the greatest film saga in history) and also voiced Mufasa in The Lion King. He also reprised his role as Darth Vader in Episode III: Revenge of the Sith. When such a talented actor played the father of Eddie Murphy (Delirious, Raw, Beverly Hills Cop, Norbit, Coming To America), Coming To America became an instant comedy classic.

In Coming To America, Eddie Murphy plays Prince Akeem, the son of the King to the land of Zamunda. Having lived a pampered life for twenty one years and being told to marry a woman who would obey his every command but have no opinion of her own, Akeem sets out to discover a woman who will "arouse my intellect as well as my loins". Having decided that the most fitting place to find a woman fit for a king would be Queens, New York, Akeem meets a myriad of Americans with his best friend Semi, all of whom, surprise surprise, are played by Akeem and Semi themselves!

 Eddie Murphy and Arsenio Hall underwent hours and hours of make up to portray multiple characters throughout various scenes in the movie. In one scene, Akeem and Semi walk into a barber shop where they are greeted by three barbers, two of which are played by Eddie and Arsenio, as well as another character in the barber shop also played by Eddie.

 Perhaps Eddie's greatest character in the movie, he plays an old, white Jewish man in the barber shop, alongside one of the barbers.

When asked to play the role of the old, white man, Eddie merely pointed to his face. This is where Rick Baker was brought in. Master make up artist Rick Baker, who has won numerous awards for his make up talents, did the make up for the movie with "close to no money". The barber shop scene had to be shot from certain angles and done with voice overs to hide the fact that Eddie and Arsenio were playing pretty much all the characters. Shit's crazy.

Eddie(right) and Arsenio(left) with their barber makeup on

Arsenio seducing Arsenio

 - Tony (Ranga) Stark

Zombieland (2009)

Like Horror AND Comedy?

Well if you put together actors like Emma Stone and Jesse Eisenberg in one gory Zombie film, there's bound to be some laughs! 

Right?

Zombieland directed by Ruben Fleischer and written by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick was released in 2009 delivering a Zombie Comedy film about survivors of the zombie apocalypse road tripping around Southern states of America to find an ultimate sanctuary free from Zombies. Throughout the film the main character, Columbus, played by Jesse Eisenberg lists a set of guidelines on how to survive the 'Zombieland'. These rules present themselves as both ironic and straight-up hilarious!

What makes this film successful is, of course, its ability to create 'believable' Zombie characters with 'abit' of make-up and visual effects that give the audience a hit of fear along with some witty dialogue.

Here's Amber Heard getting Zombiefied for the film!

The director wanted to ground the film into reality by doing extensive research on real life plagues and diseases to create a viral plague of zombie characters. The application of prosthetics take about 1 to 1.5 hours. And then the real fun starts, taking up another hour creating vains, blood, tooth stains, contacts lenses and jaw-droppin' guts all over the body!

WARNING: It's a little bit gory haha

KING KONG

I'm sure everyone in the entire world has heard of Peter Jackson. Even if you don't remember his name, you would most definitely remember his films. For example, there was this pretty well known trilogy he did called Lord of the Rings,

definitely something you guys should check out.

So yeah Jackson has made some pretty epic movies not including the Lovely Bones. No, I am 100% serious about this, I know you may think "But it's Peter Jackson, he made LOTR! Surely anything he makes is awesome and even if it's relatively sub par we can forgive it because he's given us one of the greatest movie trilogies of all time.Not to mention his great contribution to the dramatic society of the word, with the dichotomous monologue between Smeagol and Gollum which epitomised the internal struggle faced by an individual(s). NO. This film is unforgivable, regardless of the fact that it has Mark Wahlberg 

This guy.

and several other really well known and respected actors in it. The other one I can think of is Stanley Tucci you know, the gay guy from The Devil Wears Prada and Puck from A Midsummer Nights Dream? No? Okay.

It's hard to imagine this man playing  a crazy murderer, he just looks so cute! 

So now that we've established Peter Jackson's most successful and most horrifically disappointing films, I'd now like to continue onto the other film he did (what?) Yeah, I know right.

Well a few years ago, Jackson attempted to remake one of the most classic films of all time, King Kong. This was an iconic film, originally made in 1933, which was very well received for it's pioneering in special effects such as stop motion animation. 

Nailed it.

But that's not what I'm here to talk about. In 2005, Peter Jackson remade this film, with a whopping $207 million dollar budget, into a 187 minute long nostalgia-drama which basically delved into old Hollywood romance, the flapper era, and a contest to see who could pay attention longest before falling asleep. Jackson spent probably 2 hours on character development to build the sexy sexual tension between Naomi Watts, and Adrien brody which I will never complain about. 

Apart from wasting time and money, Jackson also had multiple specifications on how he envisioned King Kong to appear on screen in the final edition. Most of these surmised to him wanting King Kong to look like an ape not a human.. So how did he do this? 

He watched hours and hours of Gorrilla footage in London Zoo to further his understanding and gain an anthropological upper hand in the creation of his Kong. He then decided that he was unsatisfied and travelled to Rwanda to observe wild gorillas in their native habitat....  Andy Serkis (Gollum/Smeagol) was the model that was used to track Kongs Movement, and this was done by filming all the movement Serkis made, by placing him in a body suit, and using the motion detectors as a guide to animate King Kong. 

My Precious

the result was an entirely digitally animated Kong, who was so realistic that everyone thought it was a really tame giant ape. (He wishes)

SO ultimately I think everyone should watch this movie for Adrien Brody because he is one of the most underrated actors in Hollywood and I love him.

damn.

THE MATRIX TRILOGY

Film written and directed by the Wachowski Brothers

An introduction to "Bullet Time"

Remember this? 

Bullet time, the visual effects used in the film was used to create a character's control over time and space. Scenes were filmed using cameras that allow them to film in slow much but show on screen what appears to be normal speed. Bullet time effects are often quite complex to film. Using 3D stimulation, they fired camera fractions of a second after each other. This captured every single action, (so about 12000 frames for a 3 second scene) to create the most iconic slow-motion effect.

Various cameras would circle around each other to shoot the scene. The Matrix hired George Borshukov who specialised in this field to edit out the cameras in the background using 3D models that were based on geometry of buildings and even photographs of buildings.

LIGHTS CAMERA ACTION!

The "bullet time" scenes like the ones shown above were The Matrix's most successful and mind-blowing scenes. Adding to a cyberpunk mystique film, the directors were able to bring out intense fight sequences that were remarkable and most of all, rememberable. 

The Avengers - Special Effects

A film that required half a decade of solo prequels to build character ( in the case of Iron Man, literally), The Avengers was released last year to enormous box office success. A movie that combines all of Marvels greatest superheroes in the ultimate culmination of action and geekdom. As the previous movies have already introduced the characters, the film takes off with a running start and incorporates special effects throughout it's entirety very well.

 Seeing as the film is based on comic book heroes with super powers brought to life on the big screen, a large company with computer animated experience was required to provide the special effects. Enter Industrial Light & Magic, a company with a grade A track record of special effects in some of the biggest blockbusters including Iron Man 1 and 2, Transformers 1, 2 and 3, Rango and Star Wars Episode 3: Revenge of the Sith to name a few.

Using various software tools alongside green screens and live action movement from the actors and actresses, Industrial Light & Magic created a special effects experience like no other that not only caused The Avengers to become one of the worlds highest grossing movies, beaten only by James Cameron's Avatar and Titanic, but also won the Academy Award for Best Special Effects.

One of the biggest challenges in The Avengers was animating The Hulk. A by product of a nuclear radiation gone wrong, The Hulk was perhaps the most difficult character to animate due to his size and nature.

Avatar

Avatar as a film, was pivotal in the fact that it pioneered new technologies in the area of special effects in order to acheive the visual effects that were created in Pandora, and that of the Na'vi people. First of all, if we examine the pure aesthetics that the film contributed to cinema history, which on it's own would have heavily contributed to the films success purely due to the fact that audiences would no longer have to suffer through the inferior technologies of films like Godzilla. 

I mean seriously 

 Okay fine... So Godzilla was also immensely influential for it's time and back when it was made the special effects used probably blew a few minds too. However I digress from my original point which is mainly in praise and examination of the awesome techniques which were pioneered by the man who gave us Jack and Rose and most importantly, that sketching scene (you know the one).  So finally, I bring you the breath taking visuals seen in the world of Pandora.

should probably mention that in order to fully appreciate the truly righteous visuals in this film, you need to watch this video in the highest quality that is available (1080p), max your speakers and solemnly nod your head to the soothing tones of Leona Lewis. 

If you look at the actual N'avi  people themselves were created visually through special cameras created by Cameron which  were built into a six inch boom that allowed the actors facial expressions to be digtised which then made it possible for the animations to be edited in post production.

Miss Saldana looking fine as ever.

Other techniques that were used include the new light system that was created in order to light areas such as the jungle in Pandora. A motion capture stage or volume was used which was six times larger than any other known, it also enhanced the picture of the facial expressions of the actors. The main characters who were in the film had to wear skull caps fitted with tinycameras in order to be animated. These cameras were positioned in front of the actors faces, the signals detected by the cameras were then sent to computers where they were then animated

So I think, to wrap this all up, the most conclusive and accurate evaluation of James Camerons success is by looking at the unprecedented box office success of this film which was $2,782,275,172 which seems more like a locker combination than an actual probable figure of tangible money but hey, when you made something like Titanic, the other most successful film in box office history, why not make another film just to beat that record.
Unluckily for Cameron he lucked out in the best picture category, beaten by none other than Katheryn Bigelow, his babe of an ex wife. (Dun dun)

Damn,

Black Swan

The Black Swan
In the scene, Natalie Portman is first experiencing the appearance of the swan-like skin; appearing first on her back and shoulders, creeping down her neck and up her arm. The image is a series of effects, combining feather quills and textured skin, along with dark make up that rapidly spreads across her skin. While this is happening, the camera is sweeping up and down Portman’s arm and torso, while also rotating around her body.

To execute the visual effects on this shot, the team had been working for weeks trying to make it work. The end result had to show the effect starting on her back, neck and shoulders, then continue the transformation process progressing further while tracking around her arms with the camera panning close up. It's a complex 360 degree shot showing the metamorphosis happening, with constant camera motion. And all of the effects had to be tracked to her arm. But the problem was; the team couldn’t lock it down - there was far too much camera movement, and to add to the problem, there were minimal tracking markers on her arms - nothing useful to track to. The team had exhausted their arsenal of tools, but they couldn’t make it work. The timing and movement in the shot were just too fast. And the client was getting nervous - the deadline was fast approaching. There was one option left, however. “Call Buddy!”

The Hobbit 'An Unexpected Journey': Hair & Make Up

With the success of Peter Jackson's trilogy of The Lord of the Rings where he depicted J.R.R Tolkien's characters of Elves and Dwarves of Middle Earth, the extraordinary creativity continues with the newly released film 'The Hobbit'. The hair and make-up crew, including Peter Swords King, Rick Findlater and Tami Lane give more emphasis on the dwarves this time round using extreme beard hair styles and layers of bulbous prosthetics. 

Below reveals a detailed sketch of the dwarf character 'Dori'. King's aim for his designs was to ensure that the audience is not to focused on the make-up that they miss the dialogue. He ensures that there is a 'fine balance' whilst avoiding 'distraction' from the character's purpose.

Spider-Man and the Special Effects

When the first movie in the Spider-Man series came out, it created quite a stir due to the over the top stunt sequences and the brilliant graphics that were incorporated into this movie. John Dyskstra, one of the best special effects directors in the Hollywood business at present was hired to do the visual effects of the film. Dyskstra was the one who actually convinced the director to use computer generated images for the dare devil stunt sequences of the lead superhero as well as the villains in the film, because otherwise, these stunts would have been very hard to produce physically and even if they were produced, they would not have the same effect.

The very famous Spider-Man swing from building to building, lovingly described as 'ballet in the sky' by the director was the best work of the special effects team, something that improved further in the next two installments of the series. The effect was created by strapping a stuntman, or sometimes Spider-Man himself, actor Andrew Garfield, to a wire "no thicker than a bootlace" 60 feet in the air, which was connected to a winch on a rail. When they'd jump and reach the bottom of their swing, the winch would move down the rail, giving them a nice clean arc and unquestionably solid underwear.

The brilliant use of special effects is probably one of the reasons why the Spider-Man movies drew so much crowd and went on to become one of the most successful movie franchises of all time in Hollywood. Spider Man is easily one of the top most superhero movies, although the special effects work of Batman Begins and The Dark Knight are far more superior to it.

How to Recreate the Joker's makeup from The Dark Knight movie

The Dark Knight (2008)

Make-up is a key element in the overall design of films or television productions, creating a look for the characters in relation to social class, and time periods, and any other elements required to create the desired illusion. Make-up is responsible for the overall design, application, continuity and care of make-up throughout the pre-production and production periods. 

Makeup plays a huge role in "The Dark Knight,” especially for the role of the Joker. The Dark Knight is a 2008 British–American superhero film directed, produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan.



John Caglione gives instructions to the audience to apply their own Joker make-up:

      1.Apply the white face paint first. Dab the makeup sponge into the white cream, then apply generously to your face. Try blotting as you move around, so that it creates an uneven effect. Make sure to cover your entire face, including your eyelids and your forehead. You may have to get some in your hair to be able to reach your hairline. You don't want skin to show through.

     2.Take gray face paint and use your finger to dot it on your forehead and under your bottom lip and chin. Use just a few dabs--not too much! Then smudge it in with your fingers. This creates the messy shadows you see on the Joker: His face is not completely white. Alternatively, you can use a tiny makeup paintbrush, made for face paint, and draw squiggly lines across your forehead before smudging them in.

    3. Rub black face paint across your eyelids and under your eyes. Make it especially dark under your eyes. Then continue to rub above your eyes and into your eyebrows.

    4. Take the paintbrush and cover your lips with red face paint. Use your fingers to apply large lines of red from the corners of your mouth up toward your cheeks in a large grin. Then smear it around, especially on your lips downward under your chin.

Prosthetic makeup in Cinema

Prosthetic make-up has been pivotal in character development, visualisation and enhancement for many decades now. It is the process of using prosthetic tools to sculpt or create features on an actor, or subject that are not already there.  This was revolutionised by make up artist Dick Smith, better known as the "Godfather of Make up" in the cinema Little Big Man .  The prosthetic make up used for this film was for the character of the Ancient Crabb, a 121 year old played by a young Dustin Hoffman.

The way in which Dick Smith achieved this was through the use of foam latex which included a set of eyelids that could blink in unison with the actors. 

Hoffman during the application of the prosthetic make up.

Dustin Hoffman, sans prosthetics